PPL Corporation (PPL)
PPL Corporation is an energy company headquartered in Allentown, Pennsylvania, United States.
Stock Price Trends
Stock price trends estimated using linear regression.
Key facts
- The primary trend is increasing.
- The growth rate of the primary trend is 31.37% per annum.
- PPL price at the close of July 3, 2025 was $33.81 and was lower than the bottom border of the primary price channel by $1.21 (3.45%). This indicates a possible reversal in the primary trend direction.
- The secondary trend is increasing.
- The growth rate of the secondary trend is 15.03% per annum.
- PPL price at the close of July 3, 2025 was inside the secondary price channel.
Linear Regression Model
Model equation:
Yi = α + β × Xi + εi
Top border of price channel:
Exp(Yi) = Exp(a + b × Xi + 2 × s)
Bottom border of price channel:
Exp(Yi) = Exp(a + b × Xi – 2 × s)
where:
i - observation number
Yi - natural logarithm of PPL price
Xi - time index, 1 day interval
σ - standard deviation of εi
a - estimator of α
b - estimator of β
s - estimator of σ
Exp() - calculates the exponent of e
Primary Trend
Start date: August 15, 2023
End date: May 12, 2025
a = 2.2607
b = 0.0007
s = 0.0335
Annual growth rate:
Exp(365 × b) – 1
= Exp(365 × 0.0007) – 1
= 31.37%
Price channel spread:
Exp(4 × s) – 1
= Exp(4 × 0.0335) – 1
= 14.33%
August 15, 2023 calculations
Top border of price channel:
Exp(Y782)
= Exp(a + b × X782 + 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,134 + 2 × s)
= Exp(2.2607 + 0.0007 × 1,134 + 2 × 0.0335)
= Exp(3.1754)
= $23.94
Bottom border of price channel:
Exp(Y782)
= Exp(a + b × X782 – 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,134 – 2 × s)
= Exp(2.2607 + 0.0007 × 1,134 – 2 × 0.0335)
= Exp(3.0415)
= $20.94
May 12, 2025 calculations
Top border of price channel:
Exp(Y1,218)
= Exp(a + b × X1,218 + 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,770 + 2 × s)
= Exp(2.2607 + 0.0007 × 1,770 + 2 × 0.0335)
= Exp(3.6509)
= $38.51
Bottom border of price channel:
Exp(Y1,218)
= Exp(a + b × X1,218 – 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,770 – 2 × s)
= Exp(2.2607 + 0.0007 × 1,770 – 2 × 0.0335)
= Exp(3.5169)
= $33.68
Description
- The primary trend is increasing.
- The growth rate of the primary trend is 31.37% per annum.
- PPL price at the close of July 3, 2025 was $33.81 and was lower than the bottom border of the primary price channel by $1.21 (3.45%). This indicates a possible reversal in the primary trend direction.
Secondary Trend
Start date: August 19, 2024
End date: July 3, 2025
a = 2.8612
b = 0.0004
s = 0.0269
Annual growth rate:
Exp(365 × b) – 1
= Exp(365 × 0.0004) – 1
= 15.03%
Price channel spread:
Exp(4 × s) – 1
= Exp(4 × 0.0269) – 1
= 11.34%
August 19, 2024 calculations
Top border of price channel:
Exp(Y1,036)
= Exp(a + b × X1,036 + 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,504 + 2 × s)
= Exp(2.8612 + 0.0004 × 1,504 + 2 × 0.0269)
= Exp(3.4920)
= $32.85
Bottom border of price channel:
Exp(Y1,036)
= Exp(a + b × X1,036 – 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,504 – 2 × s)
= Exp(2.8612 + 0.0004 × 1,504 – 2 × 0.0269)
= Exp(3.3846)
= $29.51
July 3, 2025 calculations
Top border of price channel:
Exp(Y1,254)
= Exp(a + b × X1,254 + 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,822 + 2 × s)
= Exp(2.8612 + 0.0004 × 1,822 + 2 × 0.0269)
= Exp(3.6140)
= $37.11
Bottom border of price channel:
Exp(Y1,254)
= Exp(a + b × X1,254 – 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,822 – 2 × s)
= Exp(2.8612 + 0.0004 × 1,822 – 2 × 0.0269)
= Exp(3.5066)
= $33.33
Description
- The secondary trend is increasing.
- The growth rate of the secondary trend is 15.03% per annum.
- PPL price at the close of July 3, 2025 was inside the secondary price channel.