Pitney Bowes Inc (PBI)
Pitney Bowes Inc., a technology company, offers business solutions in the United States and internationally. The company is headquartered in Stamford, Connecticut.
Stock Price Trends
Stock price trends estimated using linear regression.
Key facts
- The primary trend is increasing.
- The growth rate of the primary trend is 109.22% per annum.
- PBI price at the close of November 19, 2024 was $7.76 and was inside the primary price channel.
- The secondary trend is increasing.
- The growth rate of the secondary trend is 172.46% per annum.
- PBI price at the close of November 19, 2024 was inside the secondary price channel.
Linear Regression Model
Model equation:
Yi = α + β × Xi + εi
Top border of price channel:
Exp(Yi) = Exp(a + b × Xi + 2 × s)
Bottom border of price channel:
Exp(Yi) = Exp(a + b × Xi – 2 × s)
where:
i - observation number
Yi - natural logarithm of PBI price
Xi - time index, 1 day interval
σ - standard deviation of εi
a - estimator of α
b - estimator of β
s - estimator of σ
Exp() - calculates the exponent of e
Primary Trend
Start date: August 3, 2023
End date: November 19, 2024
a = -1.6829
b = 0.0020
s = 0.0961
Annual growth rate:
Exp(365 × b) – 1
= Exp(365 × 0.0020) – 1
= 109.22%
Price channel spread:
Exp(4 × s) – 1
= Exp(4 × 0.0961) – 1
= 46.86%
August 3, 2023 calculations
Top border of price channel:
Exp(Y930)
= Exp(a + b × X930 + 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,352 + 2 × s)
= Exp(-1.6829 + 0.0020 × 1,352 + 2 × 0.0961)
= Exp(1.2436)
= $3.47
Bottom border of price channel:
Exp(Y930)
= Exp(a + b × X930 – 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,352 – 2 × s)
= Exp(-1.6829 + 0.0020 × 1,352 – 2 × 0.0961)
= Exp(0.8593)
= $2.36
November 19, 2024 calculations
Top border of price channel:
Exp(Y1,257)
= Exp(a + b × X1,257 + 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,826 + 2 × s)
= Exp(-1.6829 + 0.0020 × 1,826 + 2 × 0.0961)
= Exp(2.2022)
= $9.04
Bottom border of price channel:
Exp(Y1,257)
= Exp(a + b × X1,257 – 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,826 – 2 × s)
= Exp(-1.6829 + 0.0020 × 1,826 – 2 × 0.0961)
= Exp(1.8179)
= $6.16
Description
- The primary trend is increasing.
- The growth rate of the primary trend is 109.22% per annum.
- PBI price at the close of November 19, 2024 was $7.76 and was inside the primary price channel.
Secondary Trend
Start date: February 5, 2024
End date: November 19, 2024
a = -2.9214
b = 0.0027
s = 0.0807
Annual growth rate:
Exp(365 × b) – 1
= Exp(365 × 0.0027) – 1
= 172.46%
Price channel spread:
Exp(4 × s) – 1
= Exp(4 × 0.0807) – 1
= 38.11%
February 5, 2024 calculations
Top border of price channel:
Exp(Y1,057)
= Exp(a + b × X1,057 + 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,538 + 2 × s)
= Exp(-2.9214 + 0.0027 × 1,538 + 2 × 0.0807)
= Exp(1.4635)
= $4.32
Bottom border of price channel:
Exp(Y1,057)
= Exp(a + b × X1,057 – 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,538 – 2 × s)
= Exp(-2.9214 + 0.0027 × 1,538 – 2 × 0.0807)
= Exp(1.1407)
= $3.13
November 19, 2024 calculations
Top border of price channel:
Exp(Y1,257)
= Exp(a + b × X1,257 + 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,826 + 2 × s)
= Exp(-2.9214 + 0.0027 × 1,826 + 2 × 0.0807)
= Exp(2.2544)
= $9.53
Bottom border of price channel:
Exp(Y1,257)
= Exp(a + b × X1,257 – 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,826 – 2 × s)
= Exp(-2.9214 + 0.0027 × 1,826 – 2 × 0.0807)
= Exp(1.9316)
= $6.90
Description
- The secondary trend is increasing.
- The growth rate of the secondary trend is 172.46% per annum.
- PBI price at the close of November 19, 2024 was inside the secondary price channel.