Xcel Energy Inc (XEL)
Xcel Energy Inc. is a utility holding company based in Minneapolis, Minnesota, serving more than 3.7 million electric customers and 2.1 million natural gas customers in Minnesota, Michigan, Wisconsin, North Dakota, South Dakota, Colorado, Texas, and New Mexico as of 2019. It consists of four operating subsidiaries: Northern States Power-Minnesota, Northern States Power-Wisconsin, Public Service Company of Colorado, and Southwestern Public Service Co.
Stock Price Trends
Stock price trends estimated using linear regression.
Key facts
- The primary trend is increasing.
- The growth rate of the primary trend is 92.69% per annum.
- XEL price at the close of December 2, 2024 was $71.20 and was inside the primary price channel.
- The secondary trend is increasing.
- The growth rate of the secondary trend is 208.99% per annum.
- XEL price at the close of December 2, 2024 was inside the secondary price channel.
Linear Regression Model
Model equation:
Yi = α + β × Xi + εi
Top border of price channel:
Exp(Yi) = Exp(a + b × Xi + 2 × s)
Bottom border of price channel:
Exp(Yi) = Exp(a + b × Xi – 2 × s)
where:
i - observation number
Yi - natural logarithm of XEL price
Xi - time index, 1 day interval
σ - standard deviation of εi
a - estimator of α
b - estimator of β
s - estimator of σ
Exp() - calculates the exponent of e
Primary Trend
Start date: June 11, 2024
End date: December 2, 2024
a = 0.9823
b = 0.0018
s = 0.0248
Annual growth rate:
Exp(365 × b) – 1
= Exp(365 × 0.0018) – 1
= 92.69%
Price channel spread:
Exp(4 × s) – 1
= Exp(4 × 0.0248) – 1
= 10.44%
June 11, 2024 calculations
Top border of price channel:
Exp(Y1,137)
= Exp(a + b × X1,137 + 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,652 + 2 × s)
= Exp(0.9823 + 0.0018 × 1,652 + 2 × 0.0248)
= Exp(4.0008)
= $54.64
Bottom border of price channel:
Exp(Y1,137)
= Exp(a + b × X1,137 – 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,652 – 2 × s)
= Exp(0.9823 + 0.0018 × 1,652 – 2 × 0.0248)
= Exp(3.9014)
= $49.47
December 2, 2024 calculations
Top border of price channel:
Exp(Y1,257)
= Exp(a + b × X1,257 + 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,826 + 2 × s)
= Exp(0.9823 + 0.0018 × 1,826 + 2 × 0.0248)
= Exp(4.3135)
= $74.70
Bottom border of price channel:
Exp(Y1,257)
= Exp(a + b × X1,257 – 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,826 – 2 × s)
= Exp(0.9823 + 0.0018 × 1,826 – 2 × 0.0248)
= Exp(4.2141)
= $67.64
Description
- The primary trend is increasing.
- The growth rate of the primary trend is 92.69% per annum.
- XEL price at the close of December 2, 2024 was $71.20 and was inside the primary price channel.
Secondary Trend
Start date: October 10, 2024
End date: December 2, 2024
a = -1.3567
b = 0.0031
s = 0.0133
Annual growth rate:
Exp(365 × b) – 1
= Exp(365 × 0.0031) – 1
= 208.99%
Price channel spread:
Exp(4 × s) – 1
= Exp(4 × 0.0133) – 1
= 5.46%
October 10, 2024 calculations
Top border of price channel:
Exp(Y1,221)
= Exp(a + b × X1,221 + 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,773 + 2 × s)
= Exp(-1.3567 + 0.0031 × 1,773 + 2 × 0.0133)
= Exp(4.1498)
= $63.42
Bottom border of price channel:
Exp(Y1,221)
= Exp(a + b × X1,221 – 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,773 – 2 × s)
= Exp(-1.3567 + 0.0031 × 1,773 – 2 × 0.0133)
= Exp(4.0966)
= $60.13
December 2, 2024 calculations
Top border of price channel:
Exp(Y1,257)
= Exp(a + b × X1,257 + 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,826 + 2 × s)
= Exp(-1.3567 + 0.0031 × 1,826 + 2 × 0.0133)
= Exp(4.3136)
= $74.71
Bottom border of price channel:
Exp(Y1,257)
= Exp(a + b × X1,257 – 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,826 – 2 × s)
= Exp(-1.3567 + 0.0031 × 1,826 – 2 × 0.0133)
= Exp(4.2604)
= $70.84
Description
- The secondary trend is increasing.
- The growth rate of the secondary trend is 208.99% per annum.
- XEL price at the close of December 2, 2024 was inside the secondary price channel.