Lumen Technologies Inc (LUMN)
Lumen Technologies (formerly CenturyLink) is an American telecommunications company headquartered in Monroe, Louisiana, that offers communications, network services, security, cloud solutions, voice, and managed services.
Stock Price Trends
Stock price trends estimated using linear regression.
Key facts
- The primary trend is increasing.
- The growth rate of the primary trend is 243.13% per annum.
- LUMN price at the close of March 31, 2025 was $3.92 and was inside the primary price channel.
- The secondary trend is decreasing.
- The decline rate of the secondary trend is 80.49% per annum.
- LUMN price at the close of March 31, 2025 was inside the secondary price channel.
- The direction of the secondary trend is opposite to the direction of the primary trend. This indicates a possible reversal in the direction of the primary trend.
Linear Regression Model
Model equation:
Yi = α + β × Xi + εi
Top border of price channel:
Exp(Yi) = Exp(a + b × Xi + 2 × s)
Bottom border of price channel:
Exp(Yi) = Exp(a + b × Xi – 2 × s)
where:
i - observation number
Yi - natural logarithm of LUMN price
Xi - time index, 1 day interval
σ - standard deviation of εi
a - estimator of α
b - estimator of β
s - estimator of σ
Exp() - calculates the exponent of e
Primary Trend
Start date: August 22, 2023
End date: March 27, 2025
a = -4.2413
b = 0.0034
s = 0.4389
Annual growth rate:
Exp(365 × b) – 1
= Exp(365 × 0.0034) – 1
= 243.13%
Price channel spread:
Exp(4 × s) – 1
= Exp(4 × 0.4389) – 1
= 478.67%
August 22, 2023 calculations
Top border of price channel:
Exp(Y853)
= Exp(a + b × X853 + 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,238 + 2 × s)
= Exp(-4.2413 + 0.0034 × 1,238 + 2 × 0.4389)
= Exp(0.8183)
= $2.27
Bottom border of price channel:
Exp(Y853)
= Exp(a + b × X853 – 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,238 – 2 × s)
= Exp(-4.2413 + 0.0034 × 1,238 – 2 × 0.4389)
= Exp(-0.9372)
= $0.39
March 27, 2025 calculations
Top border of price channel:
Exp(Y1,253)
= Exp(a + b × X1,253 + 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,821 + 2 × s)
= Exp(-4.2413 + 0.0034 × 1,821 + 2 × 0.4389)
= Exp(2.7877)
= $16.24
Bottom border of price channel:
Exp(Y1,253)
= Exp(a + b × X1,253 – 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,821 – 2 × s)
= Exp(-4.2413 + 0.0034 × 1,821 – 2 × 0.4389)
= Exp(1.0321)
= $2.81
Description
- The primary trend is increasing.
- The growth rate of the primary trend is 243.13% per annum.
- LUMN price at the close of March 31, 2025 was $3.92 and was inside the primary price channel.
Secondary Trend
Start date: November 1, 2024
End date: March 31, 2025
a = 9.5834
b = -0.0045
s = 0.0893
Annual growth rate:
Exp(365 × b) – 1
= Exp(365 × -0.0045) – 1
= -80.49%
Price channel spread:
Exp(4 × s) – 1
= Exp(4 × 0.0893) – 1
= 42.90%
November 1, 2024 calculations
Top border of price channel:
Exp(Y1,155)
= Exp(a + b × X1,155 + 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,675 + 2 × s)
= Exp(9.5834 + -0.0045 × 1,675 + 2 × 0.0893)
= Exp(2.2620)
= $9.60
Bottom border of price channel:
Exp(Y1,155)
= Exp(a + b × X1,155 – 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,675 – 2 × s)
= Exp(9.5834 + -0.0045 × 1,675 – 2 × 0.0893)
= Exp(1.9050)
= $6.72
March 31, 2025 calculations
Top border of price channel:
Exp(Y1,255)
= Exp(a + b × X1,255 + 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,825 + 2 × s)
= Exp(9.5834 + -0.0045 × 1,825 + 2 × 0.0893)
= Exp(1.5904)
= $4.91
Bottom border of price channel:
Exp(Y1,255)
= Exp(a + b × X1,255 – 2 × s)
= Exp(a + b × 1,825 – 2 × s)
= Exp(9.5834 + -0.0045 × 1,825 – 2 × 0.0893)
= Exp(1.2334)
= $3.43
Description
- The secondary trend is decreasing.
- The decline rate of the secondary trend is 80.49% per annum.
- LUMN price at the close of March 31, 2025 was inside the secondary price channel.